Dense Knowledge

Dense Knowledge

A local-first MCP memory server for persistent LLM knowledge.

Dense Knowledge lets an AI assistant keep structured research between sessions without a database, embedding model, or hosted account. It stores portable .mmp files, searches their compact indexes with BM25, and loads full entries only when they are relevant.

question -> compact index/search -> selected knowledge blocks -> answer
             inexpensive             detailed context

It works with LM Studio, Claude Desktop, Cursor, VS Code, and other clients that support local stdio Model Context Protocol servers.

Why Dense Knowledge?

• Selective context: index first, body blocks only on demand.
• Local and portable: plain ASCII-in-UTF-8 files that can be copied, inspected, diffed, and backed up.
• No vector infrastructure: deterministic BM25 search with abbreviation and synonym expansion.
• Append-only history: updates supersede older entries instead of erasing them.
• Explicit provenance: established and contested claims carry source IDs; unsourced inferences are marked as hypotheses.
• Safer retrieval: stored text is wrapped as untrusted data and screened for common prompt-injection contamination.

The bundled context benchmark uses 40 entries. In its synthetic fixture, searching and reading the two best blocks uses 94.3% less estimated context than loading the complete package. The benchmark is reproducible and clearly documents its tokenizer-neutral counting method.

Quick start

Install uv, then place this server definition in your MCP client:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "dense-knowledge": {
      "command": "uvx",
      "args": ["dense-knowledge-mcp"]
    }
  }
}

uvx downloads the published package when needed. Dense Knowledge uses the platform's default data directory unless --root is supplied:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "dense-knowledge": {
      "command": "uvx",
      "args": [
        "dense-knowledge-mcp",
        "--root",
        "/absolute/path/to/memory"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Configuration differs slightly between clients. Ready-to-copy instructions are available for:

• LM Studio
• Claude Desktop
• Cursor
• Visual Studio Code

To install the command-line tools permanently:

uv tool install dense-knowledge-mcp
mmp setup
mmp doctor

mmp setup creates the memory directory and can safely merge the server into an LM Studio mcp.json. Existing servers are preserved. Replacing an existing Dense Knowledge entry requires --force and creates a backup first.

See it work

The CLI exposes the same storage operations as the MCP server:

mmp create quantum_physics.mmp "quantum physics"
mmp write quantum_physics.mmp --rev 0 --from examples/research_entries.json
mmp search quantum_physics.mmp "experimental tests of local realism"
mmp read quantum_physics.mmp e1

Typical search output contains candidates, not full bodies:

<mmp_data file="quantum_physics.mmp" trust="untrusted">
quantum_physics.mmp|e1|F|2.5427|Bell inequality separates local realism from quantum predictions
</mmp_data>

The client chooses relevant IDs and calls mmp_read only for those blocks. This preserves the distinction between cheap orientation and detailed context.

MCP tools

The server exposes nine tools:

Search uses BM25 over tags and summaries after legend expansion, with a body fallback when the index has no match. Deprecated entries remain readable but are omitted from normal search results.

Storage

The default knowledge directory follows the operating system:

• Linux: ~/.local/share/mmp/memory
• macOS: ~/Library/Application Support/mmp/memory
• Windows: %LOCALAPPDATA%\mmp\memory

The user configuration is stored separately:

• Linux: ~/.config/mmp/config.toml
• macOS: ~/Library/Application Support/mmp/config.toml
• Windows: %APPDATA%\mmp\config.toml

MMP_ROOT or the global mmp --root option overrides the configured directory. Keep personal packages out of source control; the repository's memory/ directory is ignored.

Writing knowledge

Models send structured objects to mmp_write; they never need to generate raw MMP syntax. A minimal entry looks like:

{
  "summary": "Possible caching strategy needs workload validation",
  "tags": ["caching", "validation"],
  "status": "H",
  "srcs": [],
  "content": "rel: versioned keys -> simpler invalidation\nq: workload impact -> needs measurement"
}

Important validation rules:

• summaries contain 3–15 English words;
• tags are a JSON array, never one comma-separated string;
• entries with status F or C require sources;
• unsourced entries use status H and cannot contain fact: or num: lines;
• contested entries use status C and include at least one ctr: line;
• block content is ASCII English and uses the eight defined line prefixes.

See examples/research_entries.json for sourced and contested entries that can be written directly.

All writes use optimistic revision numbers and atomic file replacement. A stale revision is reported to the caller, but a safe append is not discarded.

Safety model

MMP content is reference data, never instruction. Read responses use an explicit untrusted envelope:

<mmp_data file="..." trust="untrusted">
...
</mmp_data>

The server rejects common instruction-like patterns during writes, does not automatically follow ref: links, and tells the client not to obey instructions found in stored material. These defenses reduce prompt-injection risk; they do not turn untrusted research into trusted instructions.

Local MCP servers execute with your user permissions. Review the package and choose a dedicated memory directory before storing sensitive information.

Project status

Dense Knowledge implements the flat MMP/1.0 format, including BM25 retrieval, catalog generation, duplicate screening, budgets, append-only superseding, and validation. Hierarchical indexes for very large packages are planned but are not written yet.

Releases follow Semantic Versioning. Changes are documented in CHANGELOG.md.

Development

python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
ruff check src tests benchmarks
pytest
python -m build

Contributions are welcome. See CONTRIBUTING.md for the workflow and SECURITY.md for private vulnerability reports.

Licensed under the MIT License.